Editor’s note: We’ve all sung it, but how many of us know the story behind it? This post ran one year ago today, and on this day of liberty we thought it’d be of interest to share once again. 

(Pictured: The Original Star Spangled Banner currently resides at the Smithsonian and was the inspiration for the poem by Francis Scott Key as detailed below)

The following has been excerpted from Mike Todd

Listen closely to the words and it tells of a highly emotional moment in US history when the war with the British was being fought and of one man’s relief in seeing the US flag still flying after a vicious bombardment.

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The War of 1812 had been a particularly nasty conflict with the British. They had burned down the Capitol and the White House in Washington, and were set on taking the port of Baltimore, which was protected in part by Fort McHenry, just to the south.

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The attack started on September 12th, 1814, and after an initial exchange of fire, the fleet withdrew to form an arc just outside the range of Fort McHenry’s fire.

Skinner, Beanes and Key watched much of the bombardment from the British deck. The major attack started in heavy rain on the morning of September 13th. Just under three miles in the distance the three men caught glimpses of the star-shaped fort with its huge flag – 42ft long, with 8 red stripes, 7 white stripes and 15 white stars, and specially commissioned to be big enough that the British could not possibly fail to see it from a distance.

In the dark of the night of the 13th, the shelling suddenly stopped. Through the darkness they couldn’t tell whether the British forces had been defeated, or the fort had fallen.

As the rain cleared, and the sun began to rise, Key peered through the lifting darkness anxious to see if the flag they had seen the night before was still flying. And so it was that he scribbled on the back of an envelope the first lines of a poem he called Defense of Fort M’Henry:

O, say can you see, by the dawn’s early light,
What so proudly we hail’d at the twilight’s last gleaming

As the mist started to clear he was aware that there was a flag flying – but was it the British flag? It was difficult to tell:

What is that which the breeze o’er the towering steep,
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?

But finally the sun rose, and with intense relief and pride he saw that the fort had withstood the onslaught …

‘Tis the star-spangled banner – O long may it wave
O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave